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Bouncing on Titan: Motion of the Huygens Probe in the Seconds After Landing

机译:在土卫六上反弹:后来的惠更斯探测器的运动   降落

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摘要

While landing on Titan, several instruments onboard Huygens acquiredmeasurements that indicate the probe did not immediately come to rest. Detailedknowledge of the probe's motion can provide insight into the nature of Titan'ssurface. Combining accelerometer data from the Huygens Atmospheric StructureInstrument (HASI) and the Surface Science Package (SSP) with photometry datafrom the Descent Imager/Spectral Radiometer (DISR) we develop a quantitativemodel to describe motion of the probe, and its interaction with the surface.The most likely scenario is the following. Upon impact, Huygens created a 12 cmdeep hole in the surface of Titan. It bounced back, out of the hole onto theflat surface, after which it commenced a 30-40 cm long slide in the southwarddirection. The slide ended with the probe out of balance, tilted in thedirection of DISR by around 10 degrees. The probe then wobbled back and forthfive times in the north-south direction, during which it probably encountered a1-2 cm sized pebble. The SSP provides evidence for movement up to 10 s afterimpact. This scenario puts the following constraints on the physical propertiesof the surface. For the slide over the surface we determine a frictioncoefficient of 0.4. While this value is not necessarily representative for thesurface itself due to the presence of protruding structures on the bottom ofthe probe, the dynamics appear to be consistent with a surface consistency ofdamp sand. Additionally, we find that spectral changes observed in the firstfour seconds after landing are consistent with a transient dust cloud, createdby the impact of the turbulent wake behind the probe on the surface. Theoptical properties of the dust particles are consistent with those of Titanaerosols from Tomasko et al. (P&SS 56, 669). We suggest that the surface at thelanding site was covered by a dust layer, possibly the 7 mm layer of...
机译:当降落在土卫六上时,惠更斯号上的几台仪器进行了测量,这些测量表明探针没有立即停止。对探头运动的详细了解可以深入了解泰坦表面的性质。将惠更斯大气结构仪器(HASI)和表面科学软件包(SSP)的加速度计数据与下降成像仪/光谱辐射计(DISR)的测光数据相结合,我们开发了一个定量模型来描述探头的运动及其与表面的相互作用。最可能的情况是以下情况。撞击后,惠更斯在泰坦表面上形成了一个12厘米深的孔。它从孔中反弹回平坦的表面,然后开始向南滑动30-40厘米长。载玻片结束时探头不平衡,沿DISR方向倾斜约10度。然后,探针在南北方向上来回摆动了5次,在此期间它可能遇到了1至2厘米大小的卵石。 SSP提供了撞击后长达10 s的运动证据。这种情况对表面的物理属性施加了以下约束。对于表面上的滑动,我们确定摩擦系数为0.4。尽管由于探头底部存在突出结构,该值不一定代表表面本身,但动力学似乎与湿沙的表面稠度一致。此外,我们发现降落后前四秒内观察到的光谱变化与瞬态尘埃云一致,该尘埃云是由探头后面的湍流尾流对表面的冲击所产生的。尘粒的光学性质与来自Tomasko等人的钛气溶胶的光学性质一致。 (P&SS 56,669)。我们建议着陆点的表面覆盖一层灰尘,可能是7毫米的灰尘层。

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